Sunday, November 23, 2014

Snowden Ledgett Debate

            The decisions made in secret by the NSA without the public’s awareness, and without the public’s consent and without even representatives in the government having knowledge of these decisions, were exposed by Edward Snowden this past June. The both sides of the debate are to be noted in that Snowden believes the general public should be informed of the government’s actions but he also took the data information he had about the United States and gave access to Russia as well as China, which put the United States in a very vulnerable position. Snowden giving China and Russia access to this data is unknown but the United States government assumes they had taken advantage of it.
            The NSA’s position on Snowden’s revelations disregard the citizen rights over the security of the nation. Ledgett’s response to Snowden’s revelations is that there were some truths to his revelations as well as some half truths and extrapolations. Ledgett paints the image that the people that work for the NSA are good “citizens” and makes the connection that they are just like us. And he says that Snowden’s actions were inappropriate because he essentially put people’s lives at risk. The nature of the way the NSA had access to the information was attained in an illegitimate and wrongful way to begin with, all in the hope of protecting the United States citizens.
            Both sides of the debate point out some valid issues that need to be addressed in order for the case to be accurately analyzed. The whole situation could have been avoided if the NSA was upfront with the citizens of the United States and informed the public about the systems that were put into place. That being said the reason these operations were secret was that the nature of the operations violated citizen’s privacy in an attempt to secure the nations protection. The debate outlines where the line should be drawn in order to protect the nation state. The bottom line is that the general public should be informed of the NSA’s activity.
Edward Snowden was not in the wrong for revealing the government’s misdoings, but when he went to China and Russia with the classified information, in order to escape the United States government prosecutions he had put the nation in a vulnerable position. It is unfair that he has to be prosecuted for his actions in the first place, as the information he revealed pertained to the government violating citizen rights.
 Ledgett made the argument that; “We don’t have to give up liberty in order to have security.” While the American Constitution guarantees against unnecessary search and seizure, the liberties of Americans were in fact compromised in order to have security in this case. The information that was being collected by the NSA was an unnecessary sort of search and seizure of all citizens, in order to have access to a particular kind of person that was associated with counterterrorism, proliferation or another intelligence target. Overall, I would say this was being used as an emotional cover on the NSA’s actions. The NSA’s rebuttal was one that was expected and aligned with the political and national ideologies that the United States continues to enforce. The factors that play a role in the debate are politics, corporations, and the media.
The politics involved in the NSA’s actions were ones that weren’t explicitly recognized by the governing body of the United States. Not only was the public not informed but also neither were government officials. That being said the NSA acted on the behalf of their own interests, as the systems put in place do not reflect the opinions of the general public but ignore the general publics concerns. And in the rebuttal of Snowden’s revelations the general publics opinion on the issue is very well ignored. The NSA can be looked as a corporation that is backed by the United States government, and through their actions suggests that they believe that the public is incapable of making rational decisions. NSA not only believes that the mass mind is unreasonable, and irrational, but also believes that the government is unreasonable and irrational.
The NSA points to terrorism as the reason to have the system in place, which corresponds to the United States, enforced ideologies. The NSA is taking advantage of the governments ability to program fear in citizens and control it. Going back to the false propaganda publicized in the media about the events of 9/11 created the idea in the American mind that the United States has enemies, and therefore can never be weak. The average American is exposed to a sort of propaganda the Government puts forth that justifies its unethical actions. The NSA uses terrorism as a justification for the unethical systems it was using to obtain information, while the big picture reveals that the NSA enforces half-truths, and extrapolations of ideologies put in place by the government, that mask the true unethical nature of their actions.


Thursday, October 23, 2014

Fantasy Football Analysis
PURPOSE
The purpose of the community itself is to bring football fans together and offer another form of sport entertainment. The target audience are male, young, and affluent. The purpose of the community can vary from member to member, some use the site solely as a form of entertainment, while others use it for gambling purposes. The site does not include a mission statement as it is a site that is run mostly by the members. The members pore over content on players and strategies.
GATHERING PLACES
Once you join the fantasy football community and set up a profile you can join a league. Which is what the site is essentially made up of. Subgroup communities run and policed by its members. The site also has countless outside sources where members can get feedback on players performance, have discussions, post about their teams etc. There are also different types of leagues you can be a part of, they are: head to head, total point, dynasty "keeper",developmental dynasty, salary cap, auction,and two quarter back league, points per reception league, and survivor fantasy etc.
IDENTITIES AND PROFILES
Members set up profiles and join a league. Members can join several leagues (some are free others require payment upon membership). The league commissioner sets up each individual league benefits and communicates them to the members, if changes need to be made they are done by the members speaking up and taking a vote. The personal information collected about members is used based on the individual sites privacy policy, whether it be yahoo, ESPN fantasy etc. Members can edit their profiles to their liking and draft their own teams.
LEADERSHIP
The leagues are run by commissioners but the way that works is majority rules. Occasionally fantasy trade refs who are part of these third party sites,  are experienced players who rule on trades and offer an objective third party opinion. There are different kinds of leagues and it all depends on the leagues individually how the leadership roles are set up.
CODE OF CONDUCT
The code of conduct is stated in the member's agreement to the terms and conditions of the site but it is not monitored. The site is monitored by the site members and if there is a breach of the code of conduct it is expected to be reported by the site members to be investigated.
CYCLIC EVENTS
The leagues are mostly made up of family, friends, coworkers, and strangers. The events the site is based off of are the weekly football games that take place. Members can get together to watch the game and keep tabs on their fantasy team. Daily fantasy football also differs from playoff fantasy football and these differences are based on the individual leagues.
MEMBERSHIP AND MEMBER CREATED SUB-GROUPS
After creating an account, members join subgroups or leagues within the site. That is what the site is made up of, subgroups. These subgroups are communities within themselves and come together to make the fantasy football site forums, podcasts, highlight video discussions etc.
REAL WORLD INTERACTION
The members that make up the league determine the leagues real world interactions. Whether the league is made up of friends, family, coworkers or strangers, it is up to the league members whether or not they choose to interact in the real world. Most of the time, fantasy football includes real world interactions within the league and other leagues. Often leagues organize football watching activities that can vary from small scale interaction to a larger scale interactions. The site offers new connections to be made based on the size of a league but it is difficult to reach a larger scale audience as the site is made of subgroup communities.

Wednesday, October 15, 2014

Communities Face to Face Online

Something I found interesting was the study on trust in the United States. Which concluded that the portion of people who believe that most people can be trusted has gone up since 1993. In 1960 it was at 58%, in 1993 it dropped to 37% and in 2007 it went up to 45%. The layout of the trust in the United States concluded that categorically white people, people of ages 50-65+, married people, people making a salary of 100K+, and people living in rural,suburban,close knit communities were found to be the most trustworthy.

That being said I looked into the online community of couchsurfing.org. The whole time I was exploring this site I was intrigued by this idea that the site is based upon blind trust. The mission of the site is to create a community where you can share your life, create a connection, offer kindness, stay curious, and to leave it better than you found it. The way the site is used is Something that struck me about their values is that they are creating a new kind of community that translates from the virtual world to the real world.

There are 9 million members of the couch surfing community and they are active in 120,000 cities around the world. This goes to show that trust in the real world is a lot different in the online world. When using the site you set up a profile and then you can go and explore your city and interact with fellow couch surfers and hosts. You can also read about other people's adventures and experiences using the site. The trust that develops between members of the site is based upon a common interest, and this is developed by having similar mindsets and all being part of the couch surfing community. Users review peoples profiles and have the choice of whether or not they would like to reach out to other members. The site is policed in a way that they ask that you give feedback and report any abuse or negative experiences while couch surfing.

If a trust survey was conducted on the site it would look entirely different than the one conducted on people in the United States. It is easier to establish trust online as there isn't the initial barrier of face to face interaction. Online you are meeting someone that is presenting you with their profile or the best of the best. What you takeaway about a person is limited in the sense that you only know what that person wants you to know about them.


Tuesday, September 30, 2014

Third Places

After going over the structure of a community, I realized that the third place is a very important aspect of a community. Most people have two environmental settings they very familiar with, home and work. While not everyone can accurately pin point a physical third place in their lives. The third place has now taken a more virtual perspective.

I started thinking about my everyday life and I realized that I don't really have a materialized third place that I can go to. There are many sites online where anyone and everyone can be a part of the community. Even in my social life when I go out I am the type of person that likes to go around meeting new people but most people go to social events or parties with their set group of friends. In an urban environment I've realized that most people's attitudes towards each other can be standoffish.

While in other parts of the world third places are not entirely lost in the physical world. I am polish and I visit Poland every few years. My family is from a small village where everyone knows each other and it gives a different sense of community than I would ever get in Chicago. There everyone stops and acknowledges each other in the street, and people generally know what is going on around town because everyone interacts on a deeper level. There are countless third places in the town.

I thought it was interesting how the way an environment is set up influences the third places it encompasses.